国产bbaaaaa片,成年美女黄网站色视频免费,成年黄大片,а天堂中文最新一区二区三区,成人精品视频一区二区三区尤物

首頁> 外文OA文獻(xiàn) >Optimizing Energy Use in Pig Production: An Examination of Iowa Systems
【2h】

Optimizing Energy Use in Pig Production: An Examination of Iowa Systems

機(jī)譯：優(yōu)化生豬生產(chǎn)中的能源使用：愛荷華州系統(tǒng)的檢驗(yàn)

代理獲取
本網(wǎng)站僅為用戶提供外文OA文獻(xiàn)查詢和代理獲取服務(wù)，本網(wǎng)站沒有原文。下單后我們將采用程序或人工為您竭誠獲取高質(zhì)量的原文，但由于OA文獻(xiàn)來源多樣且變更頻繁，仍可能出現(xiàn)獲取不到、文獻(xiàn)不完整或與標(biāo)題不符等情況，如果獲取不到我們將提供退款服務(wù)。請知悉。
  • 摘要
  • 著錄項(xiàng)
  • 相似文獻(xiàn)
  • 相關(guān)主題

摘要

Energy is used in all aspects of pig production, from the manufacture of materials used in building construction to the cultivation and processing of feedstuffs. Historically the availability of fossil fuels has minimized pressure to consider all uses of energy in pig production. Rising energy prices, uncertain access to petroleum supplies, and recognition of the environmental impacts of fossil fuels are increasing awareness and incentive to reduce consumption of limited resources. This project estimates non-solar energy use for pig production options in Iowa.The baseline system produces 15,600 pigs annually using confinement facilities and a corn-soybean cropping sequence. Diet formulations for the baseline system include supplemented synthetic amino acid L-lysine and exogenous phytase. The baseline system represents the majority of current pork production systems in Iowa and the Upper Midwest where most U.S. swine are produced. This system is designed to minimize land-surface area requirements and encourage maximal pork production per unit of feed net energy and standardized ileal digestible lysine fed to pigs. The baseline system for swine production in Iowa is estimated to require 5.5 MJ non-solar energy/kg of live weight pig produced. In general producing pigs in Iowa in 2009 requires about 85% less non-renewable energy compared to 1975.An alternative system using hoop barns for grow-finish pigs and gestating sows was also evaluated. Using bedded hoop barns for gestating sows and grow finish pigs requires less energy to heat and ventilate buildings, but more energy to grow and process feed than conventional systems. Using hoop barns for swine production requires more feed and thus more non-solar energy to grow and process feed ingredients. However the savings in non-solar energy associated with operating hoop barn-based swine systems relative to conventional confinement systems nearly offsets those inputs. The alternative hoop-based system would require 5.6 MJ non-solar energy/kg live weight.The total energy used for both housing systems is very similar. Energy use for pig production is influenced by crop sequence and diet strategy with nitrogen management being a critical leverage point.
機(jī)譯：能源被用于生豬生產(chǎn)的各個(gè)方面，從建筑用材料的生產(chǎn)到飼料的種植和加工。從歷史上看，化石燃料的可獲得性已將考慮在豬生產(chǎn)中使用所有能源的壓力降至最低。不斷上漲的能源價(jià)格，不確定的石油供應(yīng)渠道以及對化石燃料對環(huán)境的影響的認(rèn)識正在提高人們的認(rèn)識和動機(jī)，以減少有限資源的消耗。該項(xiàng)目估算了愛荷華州豬生產(chǎn)方式的非太陽能消耗量。該基準(zhǔn)系統(tǒng)使用封閉設(shè)施和玉米-大豆種植順序，每年可生產(chǎn)15600頭豬。用于基準(zhǔn)系統(tǒng)的飲食配方包括補(bǔ)充的合成氨基酸L-賴氨酸和外源植酸酶。基線系統(tǒng)代表了愛荷華州和中西部上州的大部分當(dāng)前豬肉生產(chǎn)系統(tǒng)，這些州生產(chǎn)的大多數(shù)美國豬都在此。該系統(tǒng)旨在最大程度地減少土地表面積要求，并鼓勵每單位飼料網(wǎng)能量和標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化回腸可消化賴氨酸飼喂豬的最大豬肉產(chǎn)量。愛荷華州豬的基線生產(chǎn)系統(tǒng)估計(jì)每公斤活重豬需要5.5 MJ非太陽能。與1975年相比，2009年愛荷華州的一般生豬需要的不可再生能源減少了約85％。還評估了使用環(huán)牛舍用于育肥豬和妊娠母豬的替代系統(tǒng)。與常規(guī)系統(tǒng)相比，使用臥式箍谷倉來孕育母豬和生長肥育豬需要較少的能量來加熱和通風(fēng)建筑物，但是生長和加工飼料所需的能量更多。使用圈養(yǎng)豬場生產(chǎn)豬需要更多的飼料，因此需要更多的非太陽能來生長和加工飼料原料。但是，相對于傳統(tǒng)的封閉系統(tǒng)，與基于箍倉的豬場系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行相關(guān)的非太陽能節(jié)省幾乎抵消了這些投入。另一種基于箍的系統(tǒng)將需要5.6 MJ非太陽能/ kg活重。這兩個(gè)房屋系統(tǒng)使用的總能量非常相似。豬生產(chǎn)過程中的能源使用受到作物順序和飲食策略的影響，氮管理是關(guān)鍵的杠桿作用點(diǎn)。

著錄項(xiàng)

相似文獻(xiàn)

  • 外文文獻(xiàn)
  • 中文文獻(xiàn)
  • 專利
代理獲取

客服郵箱：kefu@zhangqiaokeyan.com

京公網(wǎng)安備：11010802029741號 ICP備案號：京ICP備15016152號-6 六維聯(lián)合信息科技 (北京) 有限公司?版權(quán)所有

  • 客服微信

  • 服務(wù)號